Accident of An-24 in Minsk

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    carrolmccarty61

    <br><br>Accident of An-24 in Minsk – an air crash that occurred on January 15, 1979 in the vicinity of Minsk with an Aeroflot An-24B aircraft, as a result of which 13 people died.<br>Airplane<br>An-24 with tail number CCCP-46807 (factory – 57302109) was produced by the Antonov plant on November 30, 1965 and to the USSR Ministry of Civil Aviation on December 2. In 1968, 10 An-24 aircraft, including board 46807, were converted into the An-24 model.B… In total, at the time of the crash, the had a total of 23,844 flight hours and 17,627 landings. It is noteworthy that this aircraft was filmed in the 1973 film „Applicant”.<br>Crew<br>The crew of the aircraft was from the 327th flying squadron and had the following composition:<br>Aircraft Commander (PIC) Vasily Antonovich Goryanoy;Co-pilot – Grigory Ivanovich Lyakhovich;Navigator – Vladimir Nikolaevich Avramenko;Flight mechanic – Vladimir Vladislavovich Fedorenko;Stewardess – Lidia Mikhailovna Tsekalo.Catastrophe<br>At 11:14 Moscow time, An-24 took off from Tallinn airport and after climb took an echelon of 4500 meters. There were 9 passengers on board.<br><br>According to the forecast received by the crew before departure, overcast clouds with a lower boundary of 100-200 meters and an upper boundary of 1000-1500 meters, light snow, haze, visibility of 1000-2000 meters, moderate turbulence, icing in the clouds, southeast wind (120 -140 °) 9-12 m / s. At 12:42 pm Moscow time, the crew switched to communication with the dispatcher of the Minsk RC (Regional Center – „Minsk-Control”), and at 12:49 pm, after receiving the instructions, it began to descend to an altitude of 3000 meters, having previously turned on the anti-icing system (POS). At 12:54 the crew already contacted the approach controller and he allowed him to descend first to an altitude of 2100 meters, and then to 1200 meters. Having taken an altitude of 1200 meters at 12:58 and being 31 kilometers from the Minsk airport, the crew switched to communication with the circle dispatcher.<br><br>At 12:59 pm, the crew set the on the altimeters and, flying in the clouds, began to decrease to a circle height of 400 meters. At this time over Minsk the sky was covered with clouds with a lower boundary of 150 meters, haze, weak icing in the clouds, visibility of 2500 meters, east wind 6-9 m / s. That is, the weather forecast came true, although the circle dispatcher did not transmit the actual weather to the crew. When the distance to the airport was 19 kilometers, the crew switched to communication with the landing dispatcher.<br><br>At 13:03, the crew completed a checklist before landing, and then the commander, after reporting that there was no ice on the wing on the right and left, the dispatcher and reported: „I entered the glide path, released the chassis, ready for landing.”… Then the controller cleared the landing at a magnetic course of 120 ° and said that they were 9 kilometers away. At 13:04, after the crew’s request, the dispatcher transmitted their location: the distance was 7 kilometers, to the left of 50 meters, below the glide path of 40 meters. However, the crew did not confirm the receipt of information and did not respond to inquiries.<br><br>At about 13:05 An-24 with a speed of 130-140 km / h and a vertical descent speed of 15 m / s with a small pitch angle and a right roll of 10-15 ° fell between the villages of Maloye Medvezhino and Baranovshchina on snow-covered clay pits 10-15 meters, covered with shrubs 2-3 meters high. The plane dragged only 14 meters along the ground, after which it stopped 5280 meters from the end of the runway and 200 meters to the left of its axis (near the current intersection of Timoshenko and Odintsov streets). The airliner completely collapsed, the scatter of debris was 30 meters, but there was no fire.<br><br>The arrived emergency services found three seriously wounded at the crash site: two adult passengers and one little girl born in 1976. Later in hospitals, both adult passengers died of their wounds. In total, 13 people were killed in the crash: 5 crew members and 8 passengers. 3-year-old Vika Bendeberya was the only survivor on board.<br>Causes of the disaster<br>When examining the debris on the leading edges of the wing, stabilizer and keel, investigators found ice 20-40 millimeters wide and 1-2 millimeters thick. According to the conclusion of the commission, the crew turned off the POS when approaching ahead of time, although it was still in the clouds. As a result, the wing and tail unit began to be covered with ice, which worsened the longitudinal stability of the aircraft. At 7 kilometers from the runway, when the plane was flying at a speed of 220 km / h at an altitude of 300 meters and with flaps extended to the landing position (38 °), the crew, after receiving information from the controller about lateral deviation and following below the glide path, increased the engine operating mode up to 63 ° by UPRT. After that, a flow stall occurred on the stabilizer, so the crew, acting according to the flight manual, removed the flaps to 10 ° and reduced the engine operation to idle. Flying further in the clouds, the crew did not go to the second circle. 18 seconds before the crash, the An-24 reached critical angles of attack, while its forward speed greatly decreased. It was already impossible to get the plane out of this emergency.<br><br> The main cause of the accident was the partial loss of the longitudinal stability of the aircraft in the landing configuration with the flaps extended at 38 °, with the stabilizer iced up due to the early shutdown of the POS.<br><br>Associated factors<br>Flight tests to determine the characteristics of longitudinal stability and controllability with ice on the toe of the stabilizer (dive with the aircraft) were not carried out.On the An-24 aircraft, the presence of icing on the stabilizer adversely affects the longitudinal stability characteristics.There are no clear recommendations in the Airplane Flight Manual for taking the aircraft out of the pre-biting state into the normal flight mode.The flight manual does not specify the procedure for accelerating the speed when retracting the flaps and go-around, if the aircraft did not cross or was kept from „diving”.Fulfillment of the recommendations of clause 4.17.5 of the Airplane Flight Manual in this case brings the aircraft to close to critical angles of attack.On the operating simulators of the An-24 aircraft, it is impossible to imitate the signs of „pitching” and to train crews to bring the aircraft into a normal flight mode.<br> –<br>

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